Iyini imephu yomqondo: Incazelo, izinhlobo kanye nendlela yokuzakha (Umhlahlandlela ophelele)

Ubuwazi ukuthi amamephu omqondo angashintsha indlela ofunda, ofundisa ngayo, noma ohlela ngayo amaphrojekthi? Nakuba zingase zibonakale njengemidwebo elula ekuqaleni, empeleni ziyithuluzi elinamandla lokuhlela ngokwengqondo nangokubona elixhumanisa imibono, lihlele ulwazi, futhi lenze kube lula ukuqonda, kokubili ezimweni zemfundo nezobungcweti. Lo mhlahlandlela uzokufaka kuwo ukuze ukwazi ukuqonda ngokugcwele konke futhi uthole okuningi kukho.

Nakuba kunezincazelo nezibonelo eziningi, zimbalwa izihloko ezihlanganisa ukujula, izibonelo ezisetshenzisiwe, umehluko uma kuqhathaniswa namanye amamephu (njengamamephu engqondo noma okuqonda), izinzuzo, izinyathelo zokucacisa kanye nayo yonke ingqikithi yemfundiso kusukela ekubumbeni kuya ekuphathweni kweqembu. Sethula kuwe insiza ephelele kakhulu ngesiSpanishi ukuze ungaphinde ungabaze ukuthi iyini imephu yomqondo, ukuthi isetshenziswa kanjani nokuthi ihloselweni empilweni yakho yansuku zonke, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi uhloseni.

Yini imephu yomqondo?

Imephu yomqondo iyisithombe esifanekisayo ebamba imibono eyinhloko yesihloko, ekhombisa ngokubonakalayo ukuthi ihlobene kanjani ngamagama angukhiye, izixhumi, kanye nezibalo zejometri. Isakhiwo sayo sidlula uhlelo olululaIkuvumela ukuthi uhlanganise, uxhume, ubeke phambili futhi uhlanganise ulwazi, okwenza kube lula ukuqonda nokufunda okujulile kwanoma yikuphi okuqukethwe, kusukela ezimweni zemfundo kuya kwezebhizinisi.

Leli thuluzi, elivela embonweni kaDavid Ausubel mayelana ukufunda okubalulekile Yasungulwa nguJoseph D. Novak, ihlose ukubeka ukwakhiwa okusebenzayo kwenqubo yolwazi phakathi nendawo. Ngakho-ke, kungaphezu kakhulu komdwebo olula: Kuhilela ukuhlaziya, ukuhlela, nokubona ngeso lengqondo imibono ngokusekelwe ekuhlobaneni kwayo kanye nokuxhumana kwayo, kube "imephu" yengqondo yangempela yokuqukethwe okufanele kuxoxwe ngakho.

Umsuka nomlando: kusukela ku-constructivist theory kuya ku-universal tool

Ukuze uqonde amandla amamephu omqondo, Kumelwe sihambe siye emsuka wentuthuko yasoNgawo-60 no-70, isazi sokusebenza kwengqondo uDavid Ausubel, iphayona le-constructivism kwezemfundo, sasungula ukuthi ukufunda kuphumelela kakhulu uma ulwazi olusha luhlanganiswa ngokunengqondo nangokunenjongo nalokho umfundi asekwazi kakade. Wabiza lo mbono ngokuthi ukufunda okubalulekile.

UJoseph Novak, ethonywe yi-Ausubel, wakha amamephu okuqala omqondo eCornell University ukuze abone ngeso lengqondo indlela abafundi abamukela ngayo imiqondo emisha futhi bahlela kabusha ulwazi lwabo lwangaphambilini. Ngakho-ke, amamephu emiqondo avela njengesixazululo esicacile sokumelela indlela imibono nemibono ehlangana ngayo ezingqondweni zethu nokuthi sakha kanjani ulwazi ngenkuthalo, hhayi ngokulukhumbula kuphela kodwa nangokuluhlobanisa.

Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, Amamephu omqondo alungiselelwe imikhakha ehlukene kanye nobudala obuhlukeneKusukela emfundweni yasebuntwaneni kuya ebhizinisini, ekuklameni, nasekuphathweni kwamaphrojekthi, ukuguquguquka kwawo kanye nokukhanga kwawo okubonakalayo kuwenze aba umthombo ovamile kuma-workshop, emakilasini, emalabhorethri, emaqenjini omsebenzi, kanye nasezinkampanini zokubonisana. Namuhla, I-CmapTools kanye nezinye izinhlelo zokusebenza zedijithali zisize ekwenzeni ukusetshenziswa kwayo kube yinto yonke futhi zenze kube lula ukwakhiwa kwayo.

Incazelo yobuchwepheshe kanye nezici ezibalulekile

Yini efanayo kuwo wonke amamephu omqondo? Lezi yizithombe ezihlela imiqondo, ziyixhumanise ndawonye isebenzisa izixhumi noma amagama axhumanisayo, futhi zibonise uhla lwezigaba kanye nokubaluleka okuhlobene kwezinto ezimelelwe. Ngakho-ke, isakhiwo sayo esiyisisekelo siqukethe izinto ezintathu ezibalulekile:

• ImiqondoLezi yimibono eyinhloko noma amagama ayisihluthulelo akha isihloko. Ngokuvamile abekwa kuma-node, angaba ama-oval, imibuthano, ama-rectangle, noma ama-ellipses, futhi avame ukubhalwa ngoonobumba abakhulu ukuze agcizelelwe.
• Ukuxhumanisa amagama noma izixhumiLa magama noma imishwana emifushane ivela emigqeni exhumanisa imiqondo, icacisa uhlobo lobudlelwano phakathi kwayo (isibonelo, "iyi-a", "isho", "idinga", "izimbangela", "yakhiwe yi-").
• IziphakamisoIsikhathi ngasinye lapho sihlanganisa imiqondo emibili sisebenzisa igama elixhumanisayo, sithola isiphakamiso esilula: umqondo onenjongo osivumela ukuthi siveze ubudlelwano obucacile ngale ndaba.

Amamephu omqondo awameli nje kuphela imibono kodwa futhi amelela nomqondo kanye nokuhlelwa kwendlela axhumene ngayo. Ngale ndlela, ungabona ngeso lengqondo okuqukethwe okubalulekile kanye nencazelo iyonke yolwazi (into engenzeki kwamanye amamodeli afana namamephu engqondo noma amashadi okuhlela).

Izici nesakhiwo semephu yomqondo

Ukuze imephu yomqondo ifeze umsebenzi wayo, Kumelwe ihlanganise izinto ezilandelayo kanye nezici:

• Umqondo oyinhlokoUmqondo oyinhloko noma oyinhloko wemephu uvame ukutholakala phezulu (kumamephu asezingeni eliphezulu) noma maphakathi (kumamephu ohlobo lwesicabucabu).
• Imiqondo yesibili: Imibono noma izihloko ezincane ezitholakalayo ezihlobene ngqo nomqondo oyinhloko futhi ziphuma kuwo kusetshenziswa imigqa noma imicibisholo.
• UkuxhumanaImigqa, imicibisholo, noma izixhumanisi zixhumanisa imiqondo, okubonisa ukusebenzisana kanye nokuncika phakathi kwazo. Kubalulekile ukucacisa uhlobo lobudlelwano kusetshenziswa amagama axhumanisayo abhalwe ngosonhlamvukazi abancane.
• izikhundla ezibukwayoLe mibono ihlelwe ngendlela yokuthi leyo ejwayelekile noma ebaluleke kakhulu ithathe izikhundla ezivelele kakhulu, futhi imininingwane noma izibonelo zivela emazingeni aphansi, ngokuvamile ngosayizi wefonti omncane noma zibekwe phansi kakhulu.
• Amagama agqamileUmqondo ngamunye kufanele uboniswe ngamagama aqondile (gwema imisho emide), okwenza kube lula ukuwubona nokuqonda kwawo ngokushesha.
• Izibalo zejiyometri (ama-node)Imiqondo ivame ukufakwa ezindilinga, ezi-oval, ezi-ellipses, noma ezi-rectangles, okugqamisa ukubaluleka kwayo uma kuqhathaniswa namagama axhumanisayo, avame ukubhalwa ngokukhululeka emigqeni.
• Izixhumanisi eziwelanayoAmamephu amaningi omqondo ahlanganisa ukuxhumana okuxhumanisa imiqondo evela emagatsheni ahlukene, okubonisa ubudlelwano obuhlanganisa konke kanye nobukhulu obuhlukahlukene.
• Imibala, izimpawu, namanothiAmanye amamephu aneza amakhodi ombala, izithonjana, noma amanothi amafushane ukuze ahlukanise izigaba, agqamise imiqondo eyinhloko, noma afake izincazelo ezengeziwe.

Isici esibalulekile yikhono lokubamba kokubili uhlu kanye nobunzima bolwazi, okuvumela umbono ophelele noningiliziwe ngesikhathi esisodwa.

Ungayakha kanjani imephu yomqondo? Umhlahlandlela wesinyathelo ngesinyathelo

Ukudala imephu yomqondo kuyinqubo elandela uchungechunge lwezinyathelo ezinengqondo neziguquguqukayo. Sizochaza ukuthi singakwenza kanjani ukuze sisebenzise ngokugcwele amandla aso, kokubili ephepheni kanye nakumathuluzi edijithali (njenge Lucidchart, Asana noma i-CmapTools).

1. Khetha itimu noma umqondo oyinhlokoKhomba ngokucacile umqondo oyinhloko ofuna ukuwuhlaziya, ukuwufunda, noma ukuwuthuthukisa. Kungaba umbuzo ("Kuyini i-photosynthesis?"), umqondo obanzi ("Ukuphathwa Kwephrojekthi"), noma inkinga ethile.
2. Qoqa imiqondo efaneleFunda, cwaninga, futhi ubhale phansi imiqondo esemqoka ehlobene nesihloko. Kubalulekile ukukhetha imibono ebalulekile kuphela (phakathi kuka-10 no-25 ngokuvamile kwanele ukugwema ukugcwala kwemephu).
3. Beka phambili imiqondoHlela imiqondo kusukela kokujwayelekile/okufingqiwe kakhulu kuya kokuqondile kakhulu/okuqondile. Ngale ndlela, ungahlela imephu yakho ngokulandelana (kusukela phezulu kuya phansi) noma ngokushelela (kusukela maphakathi kuya ngaphandle).
4. Sungula ukuxhumanaXhuma imiqondo usebenzisa imigqa, imicibisholo, namagama axhumanisayo achaza ubudlelwano phakathi kwayo. Ibhangqa ngalinye lemiqondo kanye negama layo elixhumanisayo lakha isiphakamiso esinengqondo.
5. Engeza imininingwane, izibonelo, kanye nezixhumanisi ezihlanganisiwe: Thuthukisa imephu ngokufaka izibonelo, imininingwane, kanye nezixhumanisi ezihlanganisa ukujula nokubonisa ubudlelwano obuyinkimbinkimbi phakathi kwemibono.
6. Hlela ngokubona bese ubuyekezaSebenzisa izimo zejiyometri zemiqondo, gcina ubuhle obuhle, bese ubuyekeza imephu ukuqinisekisa ukuthi icacile, ihambisana kahle, futhi ihlanganisa zonke izinto ezibalulekile.
7. Yenza kube yidijithali futhi wabelane (ongakukhetha)Uma kudingeka, sebenzisa amathuluzi edijithali ukuze kube lula ukuhlela, ukugcina, kanye nokusebenzisana kwethimba.

Icebiso eliwusizo: Ungathandi uhlaka lokuqala. Kuvamile ukuthuthukisa imephu yomqondo ngemva kwenguqulo yokuqala, ukwengeza/ukususa imiqondo, ukuhlela kabusha uhlu, noma ukulungisa izixhumi.

Isingeniso Kumasu Okufunda (Ingxenye I)

Izinhlobo zamamephu omqondo kanye nezibonelo ezisebenzayo

Kunezakhiwo ezahlukene zamamephu omqondo, ezivumelaniswe nenhloso kanye nohlobo lokuqukethwe okufanele kumelelwe:

• Imephu yesicabucabuUmqondo oyinhloko ubekwa phakathi nendawo, futhi imibono yesibili isakazeka nxazonke zawo. Kulula futhi kuyasiza ekucabangeni ngengqondo.
• Imephu ye-HierarchicalImiqondo ihlelwe kusukela esigabeni esiphakeme kakhulu kuya kwesiphansi kakhulu, kusukela phezulu kuya phansi, okuvumela ukubona ngeso lengqondo ukubaluleka kanye nobudlelwano phakathi kwemibono ejwayelekile kanye nethize. Lokhu kuvamile emfundweni kanye nasekuhleleni ibhizinisi.
• Umdwebo ukugelezaUhlela ulwazi ngokulandelana, olufanele izinqubo noma ukulandelana kwezenzo. Usebenzisa izakhi zesithombe ezijwayelekile (ama-oval okuqala/okuqeda, ama-rectangle ezenzo, amadayimane ezinqumo).
• Imephu yesistimuImelela izinhlelo eziyinkimbinkimbi ngokubonisa kokubili izingxenye zangaphakathi kanye nendawo ezungezile. Ngokuvamile ihlukaniswa phakathi "kohlelo" (olufakiwe ngaphakathi kwendilinga eyinhloko) kanye "nendawo ezungezile" (okungaphandle), futhi ikhombisa izinqubo, ubudlelwano, kanye nokugeleza phakathi kwezinto ezahlukene.

Kuzo zonke izimo, Isihluthulelo ukubona ngeso lengqondo ukuxhumana kanye neminikelo yomqondo ngamunye.ukwenza kube lula kokubili ukufunda nokuxazulula izinkinga noma ukuhlela amasu.

Imephu yomqondo vs. imephu yengqondo vs. imephu yokuqonda: umehluko oyinhloko

Kuvamile ukudida amamephu omqondo namanye amamodeli ezithombe, njengemephu yengqondo noma amamephu okuqonda. Ngayinye inezinhloso, isakhiwo, kanye nokusetshenziswa okuhlukile:

	Imephu yomqondo	Imephu Yomqondo	Imephu Yokuqonda
Inhloso	Hlola ubudlelwano phakathi kwemibono, hlela ulwazi olusemthethweni, bese udala iziphakamiso ezichazayo.	Yandisa futhi uhlole imibono ngokukhululeka, yenza kube lula ubuciko, futhi uhlele ulwazi oluhlangene.	Chaza amamodeli engqondo noma izinqubo eziyinkimbinkimbi ngaphandle kwemingcele esemthethweni.
Isakhiwo	Ihambisana nohlu noma i-radial, enobudlelwano obubhalwe ngamagama axhumanisayo. Ixhumanisa imiqondo ngeziphakamiso.	I-Radial, enemibono ehluka kusuka enkabeni ephakathi. Ukugcizelela okuncane ebudlelwaneni obuphakathi noma ekuhlelekeni.	Kumahhala, ngaphandle kwemithetho eqinile. Kuvumela izinhlobo ezahlukene kanye nokumelwa.
Aplicaciones	Imfundo, ucwaningo, ukuhlela, ukuxhumana ngezihloko eziyinkimbinkimbi.	Ukucubungula ingqondo, ubuhlakani, ukuqhekeka komkhiqizo, ukuhlola komuntu siqu.	Ukubona ngeso lengqondo imicabango, amamodeli engqondo kanye nezinqubo zangaphakathi, ukuhlaziywa kwezinkinga.
Ukuguquguquka	Abezindaba, bagxile ebudlelwaneni obusemthethweni.	Abezindaba, bayakwazi ukuguquguquka futhi banekhono lokudala.	Ikhwalithi ephezulu, akukho mingcele yefomethi.

Ngamafuphi, ngenkathi imephu yomqondo ihlela isakhiwo futhi ihlela ulwazi ngokwezigaba, amamephu engqondo asetshenziselwa ukukhiqiza nokuxhumanisa imibono ngokukhululekile, kanti amamephu engqondo amelela amamodeli engqondo noma izinqubo zangaphakathi ngaphandle kwemithetho eqinile.

Izinhlelo ezinhle kakhulu zezingane: umhlahlandlela ophelele nobuyekeziwe

Izinzuzo kanye nokungalungi kwamamephu omqondo

Izinzuzo eziphambili

• Zinikeza umbono womhlaba wonke nowesikhashana wesihloko, okwenza kube lula ukuqonda nokukhumbula.
• Zikuvumela ukuthi uhlanganise futhi wenze lula ulwazi oluyinkimbinkimbi, okubonisa ubudlelwano obunengqondo nobuhlelekile.
• Zikhuthaza ukucabanga okujulile nokudala, kanye nekhono lokuhlaziya, ukuqhathanisa, nokudlulisela imibono ezimweni ezintsha.
• Ziwusizo kwezemfundo, ebhizinisini, kwisayensi, ekuphathweni kwamaphrojekthi, kanye nasekuthathweni kwezinqumo.
• Benza kube lula ukubambisana kanye nokuxhumana okuphumelelayo emaqenjini ahlukahlukene.
• Zisiza ekutholeni izikhala olwazini futhi zisebenza njengethuluzi lokubuyekeza nokuhlola.

Amaphuzu okufanele acatshangelwe

• Uma okuqukethwe kubanzi kakhulu noma kuyinkimbinkimbi, imephu ingaba nzima ukuyifunda noma kube nzima ukuyifunda.
• Kudinga ukukhethwa nokuhlanganiswa kwemiqondo, okunganciphisa ukujula uma kungenziwanga kahle.
• Kudinga isikhathi esiningi sokucubungula kunezinye izithombe ezilula.

Izicelo ezithile kanye nezibonelo

Ukuguquguquka kwamamephu omqondo kungenye yezimfanelo zabo ezinhle., njengoba zingasetshenziswa ku:

• imfundoZisiza abafundi nothisha ukuhlela imibono, ukuhlela izifundo, ukwethula izihloko, nokuhlola ukuqonda.
• Amabhizinisi nezinkampaniKusetshenziselwa ukubona ngeso lengqondo izinqubo, imisebenzi, amasu okumaketha, ukuthuthukiswa komkhiqizo, ukuhlaziywa kwemakethe, noma ukuhlelwa kwamaphrojekthi namaqembu.
• Isayensi nobuchwephesheZivumela ukwenza amamodeli ezinhlelo eziyinkimbinkimbi, ukuhlaziya izimbangela nemiphumela, ukuhlanganisa imibono, noma ukuhlonza ukuncika phakathi kwezinto eziguquguqukayo.
• Ukuxazulula izinkingaLawa amathuluzi "okuhlukanisa" nokuhlaziya ukubhekana nezinkinga eziyinkimbinkimbi, okwenza kube lula ukuhlonza izimbangela, ezinye izindlela, kanye nobudlelwano bokuthembela.

Ngaphakathi kwensimu yezemfundo, amamephu emiqondo asesungulwe njengezinsiza zokubhekisela ekuqondeni imibono, ukuthuthukisa izinhlaka zemibono, noma ukuhlola ukuqonda ezifundweni kunoma yiliphi izinga, kusukela esikoleni samabanga aphansi kuya eyunivesithi, njengoba kuboniswe yiziqondiso eziningi zaseyunivesithi kanye nezinsiza zokufundisa.

Indlela yokudala amamephu omqondo asebenzayo: izincomo kanye nemikhuba emihle kakhulu

Uma ufuna imephu yakho yomqondo ibe usizo ngempela futhi kube lula ukuyiqonda, Sicela ucabangele izincomo ezilandelayo:

• Sebenzisa imiqondo emfushane neqondileGwema imisho emide. Imephu yomqondo kufanele ifundeke kalula.
• Beka phambili uhlu lwezigaba kanye nokuhleleka okubonakalayo: Beka imiqondo ejwayelekile ezindaweni ezivelele kakhulu kanye nemininingwane emazingeni alandelanayo.
• Khetha amagama acacile okuxhumanisaYizona eziyisihluthulelo sokwenza ukuxhumana kwakho kube nenjongo. Sebenzisa izenzo noma imishwana ekhombisa uhlobo lobuhlobo ("ngu-a", "kusho", "kuncike").
• Ungagcini ulwazi oluningiInto ebalulekile ukucaca kanye nekhono lokuhlanganisa.
• Sebenzisa imibala nezimpawu uma ucabanga ukuthi kuyadingekaZisetshenziswa ukugqamisa izigaba, ukugcizelela imibono eyinhloko, noma ukwenza kube lula ukukhumbula.
• Buyekeza bese ulungisaXhumana nabanye ozakwabo noma ochwepheshe ukuqinisekisa ukuthi imephu iyaqondakala futhi ayishiyi ukuxhumana okubalulekile.

Uma kwenzeka amaphrojekthi noma amaqembu asebenzisanayo, kunezindlela eziku-inthanethi ezikuvumela ukuthi udale futhi uhlele amamephu omqondo ngendlela elula nesebenzisanayo, njenge-Lucidchart, i-Asana noma i-CmapTools.

Amathuluzi nezinsiza zokudala amamephu omqondo

Namuhla, Kunezinhlelo zokusebenza eziningi kanye nezinsiza zedijithali zokudala amamephu omqondo, phakathi kwazo okukhona:

• LucidchartIpulatifomu ephelele kakhulu yokudala amamephu omqondo, amashadi okugeleza kanye neminye imidwebo ebonakalayo, efanelekile kokubili imfundo kanye nebhizinisi, enezinketho zokubambisana ngesikhathi sangempela.
• AsanaNakuba ngokuyinhloko iyithuluzi lokuphatha amaphrojekthi, inikeza amathempulethi athile amamephu omqondo, okwenza kube lula ukuhlela imisebenzi nemibono emaqenjini ahlukahlukene.
• I-CmapTools: Isofthiwe yamahhala ethuthukiswe yi-Institute for Human & Machine Cognition ekuvumela ukuthi udale, uhlele futhi wabelane ngamamephu omqondo ngokubambisana.
• Miro: Ibhodi elimhlophe ledijithali eliqondakala kalula, elifanelekela ukucabanga kanye nokudalwa kwamamephu omqondo ashukumisayo namaqembu akude.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, amanyuvesi amaningi, imitapo yolwazi, kanye nezinsiza zemfundo zineziqondiso namathempulethi angalandwa ukukusiza ukuthi uqale ukuzijwayeza ukudala amamephu omqondo.

Izinyathelo zokusebenzisa amamephu omqondo ezimweni ezahlukene

Ekilasini

• Njengendlela yokufundaAbafundi bangafingqa amayunithi, bahlele izihloko eziyinkimbinkimbi, balungiselele izivivinyo, noma babone ubudlelwano phakathi kwemibono nezibonelo.
• En la enseñanzaOthisha basebenzisa amamephu ukuhlela izifundo, ukwenza kube lula ukuqonda izihloko, nokuhlola izinga lokuqonda kwabafundi.
• Ukufunda ngokubambisanaAmaqembu angakha amamephu emiqondo njengeqembu, axoxe futhi afinyelele esivumelwaneni mayelana nokuxhumana kanye nezigaba zemiqondo.

Ebhizinisini nasekuphathweni kwamaphrojekthi

• Ukuhlela izinqubo kanye nemisebenzi yokusebenzaKuhle kakhulu ukubona ngeso lengqondo izigaba, imisebenzi, kanye nobudlelwano phakathi kweminyango noma amaqembu.
• Njengethuluzi lokucabanga ngengqondoZikhuthaza ukukhiqizwa kwemibono ehlangene kanye nokutholakala kobudlelwano phakathi kwezici ezibalulekile zephrojekthi.
• Ekuhleleni amasuZisiza ukuhlela izinhloso, amasu, kanye nezimo ezingaba khona ngokusebenzisa ukuhlanganiswa okunengqondo kanye nokuxhumana.
• Ukuxilongwa nokuhlaziywa kwezinkingaZenza kube lula ukuhlonza izimbangela, imiphumela kanye nezixazululo ezingaba khona, okuvumela ukwenza izinqumo ezibhalwe phansi nezibonwa ngamehlo.

Amaphutha avamile lapho kudalwa amamephu omqondo kanye nendlela yokuwagwema

Ukuqinisekisa ukuthi imephu iyasebenza futhi igcina umsebenzi wayo, gwema amaphutha avamile alandelayo:

• Kufaka phakathi ulwazi oluningi kakhulu noma imiqondo engafaneleokwenza imephu ibe yisiphithiphithi futhi kube nzima ukuyifunda.
• Ukungachazi kahle uhlu noma ukubaluleka kwemibonoLokhu kuholela ekulahlekelweni kokucaca futhi kuvimbele ukuqonda okuphelele.
• Sebenzisa imishwana emide esikhundleni samagama angukhiyeKhumbula, imiqondo kufanele ibe mifushane futhi ibe mfushane.
• Ungasho ubudlelwano namagama axhumanisayoUma uxhuma imiqondo nemigqa kuphela, inani elichazayo lemephu yomqondo liyalahleka.
• Ungabuyekezi noma ubuyekeze imephu ngemva kwenguqulo yokuqala, ngaleyo ndlela balahlekelwa ithuba lokuthuthukisa nokuthuthukisa imodeli.

Uma uzinakekela lezi zici, imephu yakho yomqondo izoba sobala, isebenze kahle, futhi ibe namandla ngempela njengethuluzi lokuhlela elibonakalayo nelengqondo.

Kungani amamephu omqondo esebenza kahle kangaka? Izihluthulelo zokuqonda kanye neze-neuropsychological

Ngokusho kochwepheshe, Ubuchopho bethu bulungiselelwe ngokukhethekile ukucubungula ulwazi olubonakalayo kanye nokusungula ubudlelwano kanye nezigaba phakathi kwemibono. Amamephu omqondo asebenzisa leli khono, ahlele idatha ibe yizakhiwo ezilingisa ukucabanga okuhambisanayo kanye nenkumbulo yesikhathi eside.

Ithiyori ye Ukuhlanganiswa okunenjongo kuka-Ausubel Kuchaza ukuthi sifunda kangcono uma sixhumanisa ulwazi olusha nalokho esikwaziyo kakade, sidala izakhiwo zengqondo eziqinile nezihlala isikhathi eside. Amamephu omqondo enza kube lula le nqubo, njengoba esiphoqa ukuba sihlaziye, sikhethe, futhi sixhumanise imibono, sikhuthaze ukuqonda okujulile kanye nokufunda okuhlanganisa izifundo.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, i Ukuhleleka ngokwezinga eliphezulu nangokubonakalayo kukhuthaza ukugcinwa nokutholwa kolwazifuthi kunciphisa ukukhohlwa okukhona ekufundeni ngekhanda kwendabuko.

Izibonelo zezicelo zangempela kanye nezeluleko zochwepheshe

Ake sibone ezinye Izibonelo ezilula kodwa ezibonisayo zamamephu omqondo kanye nokusebenziseka kwayo okusebenzayo:

• Esifundweni saseyunivesithiUkuze bahlanganise uhlelo lokuhlolwa, abafundi bakha imephu yomqondo wesihloko esithi "Ithiyori Yokufunda", bahlele ababhali, imiqondo esemqoka, imibono kanye nezibonelo ngesakhiwo esihlelekile esihlelwe kusukela kokuningi kuya kokungabalulekile.
• Kwephrojekthi yebhizinisiIthimba lokumaketha lisebenzisa imephu yomqondo yohlobo lwesistimu ukuze libone ngeso lengqondo zonke izici ezihilelekile ekuqaliseni umkhiqizo omusha, lihlukanise phakathi "kohlelo" (iminyango ehilelekile) kanye "nendawo" (amakhasimende, abaphakeli, abancintisanayo), futhi libonise ukugeleza kolwazi kanye nezinsizakusebenza phakathi kwabo.
• Ukuphatha izinqubo enkampaniniImephu/ishadi lokugeleza komqondo lisetshenziselwa ukukhombisa zonke izinyathelo, izinqumo, kanye nobudlelwano benqubo yenkonzo yamakhasimende, ukuthuthukisa ukusebenza kahle kanye nokwenza kube lula ukuhlonza intuthuko.

Ithiphu yokugcinaUma uzijwayeza kakhulu ukudala amamephu omqondo, kulapho uzokwazi kangcono ukuhlanganisa, ukuhlobanisa, kanye nokubeka phambili ulwazi. Guqula noma yisiphi isihloko, umqondo, noma inqubo ibe yisakhiwo esibonakalayo okulula ukusiqonda, ukwabelana ngaso, nokusikhumbula.