Ukufunda nge-inthanethi: Konke okudingeka ukwazi mayelana nokuqeqeshwa okuku-inthanethi

Ukufunda kwedijithali kuguqula indlela esifunda ngayo, esisebenza ngayo, nesithuthuka ngayo, kokubili ngokomuntu siqu nangokomsebenzi. Intuthuko yezobuchwepheshe iholele ekuguqukeni kwezemfundo okungakaze kubonwe ngaphambili: e-learning noma i-e-learning. Uma wake wazibuza ukuthi kuyini i-e-learning, kungani ithandwa kangaka, noma ukuthi ingakuzuzisa kanjani wena, abasebenzi bakho, noma inhlangano yakho, nansi umhlahlandlela ophelele novuselelwe ngokugcwele ozophendula yonke imibuzo yakho, uqede izinganekwane, futhi ukunikeze umbono we-degree-360 walesi simo semfundo.

Yize igama e-learning Sekuphele amashumi eminyaka ikhona, kodwa akukaze kube khona ukuthandwa nokubaluleka okunjalo. Namuhla, akusikho okwasemanyuvesi noma ezinkampanini ezinkulu kuphela; kusukela enkampanini encane entsha kuya kunoma yimuphi umuntu noma uchwepheshe ozimele, noma ubani angasebenzisa ukuguquguquka, ukukwazi ukuyikhokhela, kanye nekhono lokufunda ku-inthanethi. Uma ufuna ukufunda ukuthi ungasebenzisa kanjani amapulatifomu asebenzisanayo ukuthuthukisa ukufunda nge-eLe ncwadi ihlola imvelaphi, izinhlobo ezahlukene, izinzuzo, kanye nezinselele zokufunda nge-inthanethi, iveza ukuthi kungani kungeyona nje into ethandwayo, kodwa kuyingxenye eyisisekelo yemfundo yamanje (neyesikhathi esizayo). Lungiselela ukuqonda ngokugcwele umqondo, ukusetshenziswa, kanye nomthelela wangempela wokufunda nge-inthanethi kuwo wonke amazinga.

Kuyini ukufunda nge-inthanethi?

El e-learning Kuyimodeli yokufunda esekelwe ekusetshenzisweni kobuchwepheshe bolwazi nokuxhumana (ICT), ikakhulukazi nge-inthanethi namadivayisi kagesi. Le ndlela ixhumanisa abafundi, othisha, kanye nochwepheshe ngamapulatifomu edijithali, okuvumela ukufinyelela ezintweni zokufunda, imisebenzi exhumanayo, amaforamu, kanye nokuhlolwa kusuka noma kuphi, nganoma yisiphi isikhathi.

Kunezinhlobo eziningi zamagama ahlobene nokufunda nge-e, njenge ukufunda nge-inthanethi, ukuqeqeshwa okuku-inthanethi, ukufundisa okuku-inthanethi, ukufunda kwedijithali, ukufunda ibanga kanye nokuqeqeshwa okuku-inthanethiNakuba ngayinye inezincazelo zayo, zonke zinomqondo wokusebenzisa ubuchwepheshe ukuze kube lula inqubo yemfundo ngaphandle kwefomethi yendabuko yokuxhumana ubuso nobuso.

Lo mqondo wathandwa kakhulu ngasekupheleni kwekhulu lama-20 ngu-Elliott Masie, owawuchaza ngokuthi "Ukusetshenziswa kobuchwepheshe benethiwekhi ukuklama, ukuletha, ukukhetha, ukuphatha kanye nokukhulisa ukufunda"Kusukela ngaleso sikhathi, ukukhula kokufunda nge-elekthronikhi bekulokhu kungavimbeki, kuqhutshwa futhi yizehlakalo zakamuva ezifana nokuthuthukiswa kwedijithali okusheshayo komphakathi kanye nesidingo sokuqeqeshwa okuguquguqukayo nokufinyeleleka kalula.

Umsuka nomlando wokufunda nge-inthanethi

Ukufunda nge-inthanethi akuqalwanga nge-inthanethi, yize intuthuko yayo ihambisana nobuchwepheshe bedijithali. Izimpande zayo zingalandelelwa emuva ezifundweni zokuxhumana ekuqaleni kwekhulu lama-20, kulandelwe imfundo yebanga ngomsakazo, ithelevishini, futhi, ngawo-1960 no-70, amakhompyutha okuqala. Kodwa-ke, kwakusukela... 1999, lapho igama elithi “e-learning” laqanjwa futhi kwaqala ukuthuthukiswa izinhlelo zokuqala zokuphatha ukufunda (I-LMS(ngesifinyezo saso ngesiNgisi), njenge-OLAT kanye ne- I-Moodleukuthi lo mqondo waba nencazelo ngokwedijithali nasemhlabeni jikelele.

Ukufika kwamadivayisi eselula, njengama-smartphone namathebulethi ngawo-2010, kwashintsha kakhulu ukufinyelela ekufundeni ku-inthanethi, kwadala isimo se- ukufunda kwe-m kanye nokususa cishe zonke izithiyo zokufinyelela. Namuhla, abantu abangaphezu kwezigidi ezingu-400 emhlabeni wonke basebenzisa amapulatifomu okufunda nge-e, asekelwa yizinto ezintsha ezifana nobuhlakani bokwenziwa, iqiniso elingeziwe, kanye nokudlala imidlalo.

Izici eziyinhloko zokufunda nge-inthanethi

• Ukuvumelana nezimo okuphelele: Ungafunda noma nini futhi noma kuphi lapho ufuna khona, uvumelanise ukuqeqeshwa nesivinini sakho sempilo nezidingo zakho (umsebenzi, umndeni, ukuzijabulisa, njll.).
• Ukufinyelela kwenkundla: Kwenza kube lula ukufunda ngamakhompyutha, omakhalekhukhwini kanye namathebulethi, okukuvumela ukuthi ufunde kunoma iyiphi idivayisi.
• Ukusebenzisana kanye ne-multimedia: Sebenzisa amavidiyo, ukulingisa, imidlalo, izivivinyo ezisebenzayo, imisebenzi yokubambisana, kanye nezinkundla zokuxoxisana ukuze ukhuthaze ukufunda.
• Personalización: Okuqukethwe kulungiselelwe ngokwezintshisekelo, izinga, kanye nezidingo zomsebenzisi ngamunye noma inkampani. Amapulatifomu amaningi afaka ukufunda okuguquguqukayo okunikezwa amandla yi-AI.
• Ukuqapha nokuhlola: Izinhlelo I-LMS Baqapha inqubekela phambili, banikeza imibiko eyenziwe ngokwezifiso, futhi basebenzise ukuhlolwa kwe-inthanethi ngesikhathi sangempela.
• Isibuyekezo esiqhubekayo: Izinto zingabuyekezwa ngokushesha, kuqinisekiswe ukuthi okuqukethwe kuhambisana njalo nentuthuko yakamuva kanye nemithethonqubo.
• Ukusebenza kahle kwezindleko: Izindleko zokuhamba, indawo yokuhlala kanye nezinto ezibonakalayo ziyasuswa, okuvumela ukutshalwa kwezimali ekuqeqeshweni okwengeziwe nokungcono.
• Ukwanda kanye nokufakwa: Kungafinyelela izinkulungwane zabafundi noma abasebenzi ngesikhathi esisodwa, noma kuphi emhlabeni, kwenze ukufinyelela emfundweni kube ngokwentando yeningi.

Ezinye izici ezifanele zifaka phakathi ukuhlanganiswa okulula namathuluzi angaphandle, ukuxhumana okusheshayo phakathi kwabafundi nothisha, kanye nesitifiketi sokufunda esisemthethweni.

Izindlela kanye nezinhlobo zokufunda nge-inthanethi

Kuye ngokusetshenziswa kobuchwepheshe, izinga lokuxhumana kanye nezinga lokuzimela kwabafundi, izindlela eziningana eziyinhloko zingahlukaniswa:

• Ukufunda nge-e okuvumelanisiwe: Amakilasi abukhoma, ama-webinar, izingqungquthela zevidiyo, kanye nemisebenzi yesikhathi sangempela. Isiza ukuxhumana okusheshayo futhi ilingisa ulwazi lwendabuko lwekilasi ngefomethi yedijithali.
• Ukufunda nge-elekthronikhi okungenasikhathi: Abafundi bafinyelela okuqukethwe futhi baqedele imisebenzi ngesikhathi esivumelana nabo, ngaphandle kokuboshwa yizinhlelo zothisha ezihleliwe.
• Ukufunda okuhlanganisiwe: Ihlanganisa ukuqeqeshwa okuku-inthanethi nezikhathi zobuso nobuso ezihlelekile, isebenzisa izindlela zombili ezinhle kakhulu.
• Ukufunda nge-M (ukufunda ngeselula): Finyelela okuqukethwe kumadivayisi eselula, ngezinhlelo zokusebenza ezilungiselelwe ukufunda noma kuphi.
• Ikilasi eliguquliwe: Ukutadisha okuqukethwe okuyisisekelo ku-inthanethi kanye nokusetshenziswa kwezikhathi zobuso nobuso zemibuzo nokuzijwayeza, okuthuthukisa isikhathi ekilasini.
• I-Microlearning: Ukuqeqeshwa "ngamaphilisi" amafushane, aqondile, aklanyelwe ukufunda okusheshayo nokuguquguqukayo, ngokuvamile ngamavidiyo noma izivivinyo ezimfushane.
• Ukufunda kwezenhlalo: Kukhuthaza ukubambisana nokufunda kontanga ngokusebenzisa imiphakathi eku-inthanethi, amaforamu, kanye namaphrojekthi okubambisana.

Lezi zinketho azihlukile komunye nomunye. futhi amapulatifomu esimanje akuvumela ukuthi uwahlanganise ngokwezidingo zakho.

Kusetshenziselwani ukufunda nge-e? Ukusetshenziswa kanye nezinhlelo zokusebenza ezingokoqobo

Ukufunda nge-elekthronikhi kuyinsiza eguquguqukayo kakhulu, ewusizo emfundweni yendabuko kanye nasekuqeqeshweni kwezinkampani, ekuthuthukisweni komuntu siqu noma ekuqeqeshweni kobuchwepheshe emikhakheni ekhethekile.

Izicelo ebhizinisini nasemsebenzini

• Ukugibela: Kwenza kube lula ukuhlanganiswa okusheshayo nokulinganayo kwabasebenzi abasha, okubavumela ukuthi bafunde ngamasiko, izinqubo, kanye nezinqubomgomo kusukela ngosuku lokuqala.
• Ukuqeqeshwa okuqhubekayo kanye nokuthuthukiswa kwamakhono: Igcina ulwazi namakhono eqembu esesikhathini ngezifundo ezinezihloko zobuchwepheshe obusha, izindlela kanye nemithethonqubo.
• Ukuqeqeshwa kokuthobela imithetho: Kubalulekile emikhakheni elawulwayo, ikuvumela ukuthi ufakazele ukuthi abasebenzi bathole ukuqeqeshwa okudingekayo ezindaweni ezifana nobumfihlo kanye nokuphepha.
• Ukuthuthukiswa kwamakhono athambile: Izinhlelo eziku-inthanethi zigxile ebuholini, ekuxhumaneni, kanye nasekuphathweni kwemizwa, phakathi kwezinye izinto.
• Ukuqeqeshwa kokuthengisa kanye nenkonzo yamakhasimende: Kuhlanganisa ukulingisa, amavidiyo asebenzayo, kanye nokuzivocavoca ukuthuthukisa ukusebenza kokuthengisa.
• Isibuyekezo sezinqubo zangaphakathi: Kubalulekile uma kwenzeka izinguquko kumaphrothokholi angaphakathi, amathuluzi, noma izinqubomgomo.

Izicelo emkhakheni wezemfundo osemthethweni nongewona osemthethweni

• Amanyuvesi nemfundo ephakeme: Amamodeli ahlanganisiwe kanye neziqu eziku-inthanethi ezikhulisa ukufinyelela kwamazwe ngamazwe futhi zenze kube lula ukulinganisela phakathi komsebenzi nokuphila.
• Izitifiketi kanye nemfundo eqhubekayo: Zenza kube lula ukuqeqeshwa okuthuthukisiwe ngaphandle kokuyeka umsebenzi, zikhuthaza ukukhula nokuzivumelanisa nemakethe.
• Ukuqeqeshwa kothisha: Izinhlelo zothisha zokuvuselela izindlela zedijithali, amathuluzi amasha kanye nezinsizakusebenza zesimanje.
• Okuyinhloko kanye nokwesibili: Ukusetshenziswa okwandayo kwamapulatifomu edijithali okuqinisa, ukufunda okuguquguqukayo, kanye namaphrojekthi okubambisana ezindaweni eziku-inthanethi.

Ukuqeqeshwa kobuchwepheshe nokhethekile

• Ukuhlela kanye nobuchwepheshe obusha: Izifundo ezisebenzisanayo, izinselele, kanye namaphrojekthi angempela kusukela ekuqaleni.
• Ukuphepha kwe-inthanethi, ukuhlaziywa kwedatha kanye nobuhlakani bebhizinisi: Zivumela ukuvuselelwa okuqhubekayo emikhakheni eshintsha ngokushesha.
• Ukuphathwa Kwephrojekthi: Ukulingisa kanye namacala asebenzayo afundisa izindlela namathuluzi abalulekile.

Izinzuzo eziyinhloko zokufunda nge-inthanethi

Ngokombono womfundi noma isisebenzi

• Ukuvumelana nezimo: Khetha ukuthi uzofunda nini, kanjani nokuthi uzofunda kuphi, uzivumelanise nokuphila kwakho kwansuku zonke.
• Ukufinyeleleka: Abantu abasezindaweni ezikude, abanezinhlelo eziyinkimbinkimbi noma abakhubazekile bangafinyelela ngaphandle kwezithiyo.
• Ukufunda okulungiselelwe: Amapulatifomu alungisa okuqukethwe ngokwezinto ozithandayo kanye nezinga, esebenzisa izinhlelo zokuncoma kanye nezivumelanisa nezimo.
• Izinsiza Ezingenamkhawulo: Ukufinyelela amahora angu-24 ngosuku, izinsuku eziyi-7 ngesonto kukuvumela ukuthi ubuyekeze noma uhlole ngokujulile izikhathi eziningi ngangokunokwenzeka.
• Ukuxhumana kanye nokubambisana: Imiphakathi eku-inthanethi, amaforamu, kanye namagumbi okuxoxa kukhuthaza ukuxhumana komhlaba wonke.
• Isiqinisekiso: Ungathola iziqu ezisemthethweni noma amabheji edijithali athuthukisa ukuqasheka.

Ngokombono wenkampani noma inhlangano

• Ukonga kanye nokusebenza kahle: Izindleko zokuthutha eziphansi kanye nethuba lokuqeqesha abasebenzi abaningi ngaphandle kokuhamba.
• Ukufinyelela emhlabeni jikelele: Ukuqeqeshwa kwamaqembu ahlakazekile, ukukhuthaza ukuhambisana kanye nesiko elihlanganyelwe.
• Ukulandelela okuthuthukisiwe: Amathuluzi ahlaziya imiphumela ngesikhathi sangempela futhi asiza ekuboneni ithalente nezindawo okufanele zithuthukiswe.
• Personalización: Okuqukethwe kufanelana nezindinganiso, izinhloso kanye nesitayela senhlangano ngayinye.
• Isibuyekezo esisheshayo: Amathuba okushintsha, ukwengeza noma ukuqalisa izifundo ezintsha ngokusekelwe ezinguqukweni emakethe noma emithethweni.

Izinselele kanye nokungalungi kokufunda nge-inthanethi

Njenganoma iyiphi indlela, ukufunda nge-inthanethi kuletha izinselele ezibalulekile ukuziqonda ukuze uziphathe kahle:

• Ukuphatha isikhathi nokuzithiba: Inkululeko ephelele idinga umthwalo wemfanelo omkhulu kumfundi, okungaba yisithiyo kwabanye.
• Amakhono edijithali: Kubalulekile ukwazi ukuthi ungawasebenzisa kanjani amadivayisi namapulatifomu, nokunikeza usizo kulabo abaludingayo.
• Isisusa kanye nokuzihlukanisa: Ukuntuleka kokuxhumana ubuso nobuso kungathinta isisusa futhi kudale imizwa yokuba nesizungu kwabanye abafundi.
• Iziphazamiso kanye nokukhathala kwedijithali: Ukufunda ekhaya kudinga ukulawula iziphazamiso nokunakekela impilo yakho yokubona neyengqondo.
• Ikhwalithi yokuqukethwe kanye nomklamo: Kuyadingeka ukuklama kabusha izinto ezisetshenziswa endaweni eku-inthanethi, kulandelwa imikhuba emihle yokufundisa kanye nezindlela zokufinyeleleka.
• Ingqalasizinda kanye nokusekelwa kobuchwepheshe: Ukuba namapulatifomu aqinile kanye nokusekelwa okuqhubekayo kubalulekile.
• Ukumelana noshintsho: Abanye abasebenzi nabaphathi bakhetha amamodeli avamile futhi bangase babonise ukumelana nokuthuthela ekufundeni nge-e, naphezu kwezinzuzo zako.

Indlela yokunqoba izinselele nokusebenzisa ngempumelelo i-e-learning

1. Ukuhlolwa kwezidingo: Thola ukuthi yimaphi amakhono namakhono abaluleke kakhulu enhlanganweni noma kuwe ngabanye.
2. Sula izinjongo: Chaza inhloso yeseshini ngayinye yokuqeqesha: ukuthuthukisa ukusebenza, ukwamukelwa, ukuthobela imithetho, njll.
3. Ukukhetha ipulatifomu efanele: Khetha i-LMS okulula ukuyisebenzisa, ephephile, futhi evumela ukulandelelwa kanye nokwenza ngezifiso.
4. Umklamo wokuqukethwe: Yenza izifundo zibe ngezifiso, faka izinsiza ze-multimedia, imidlalo, kanye nemisebenzi yokubambisana ukuze uthuthukise ugqozi.
5. Ukuxhumana nokuhlela: Yazisa abasebenzisi ngokucacile ngezinhloso, indlela ipulatifomu esebenza ngayo, kanye nezinsiza zokusekela.
6. Ukuqapha nokuhlola: Sebenzisa amathuluzi okuhlaziya ukuqapha ukubandakanyeka nemiphumela, ulungise amasu njengoba kudingeka.

Kuyini i-Scratch: umhlahlandlela ophelele wolimi lokuhlela olubonakalayo lokufunda ngokudala