Umhlahlandlela ophelele we-GCompris: konke okudingeka ukwazi nokuthi ungakusebenzisa kanjani

Wake wafuna i- isofthiwe yezemfundo Ingabe ngempela yenzelwe izingane ezincane endlini? Uma igama lizwakala lijwayelekile I-GComprisCishe uyazi ukuthi kungaphezu nje komdlalo wezingane. Sekuyiminyaka eminingi, le software iyindlela yokufundisa imindeni, othisha, nanoma ubani onesifiso sokuthuthukisa ukufunda kwasekuqaleni ngobuchwepheshe. Kodwa-ke, naphezu kokuba yinto yakudala emkhakheni wezemfundo yedijithali, ulwazi olutholakalayo luvame ukuhlakazeka noma luntula imininingwane. Yingakho uzothola umhlahlandlela oqondile lapha: ukuthi i-GCompris iyini, ukuthi ungayisebenzisa kanjani ngokugcwele, wonke amathuba ayo, nokuthi kungani kufanelekile ukuyithola.

Inhloso yalesi sihloko ukunikeza umbono ophelele nowakamuva we I-GComprisLo mhlahlandlela uzochaza kahle izici zawo, izindawo zokufunda, ukuhambisana kwamapulatifomu amaningi, kanye namaqiniso athakazelisayo ngomlando wawo kanye nokuvela kwawo. Uzobe usukwazi ukunquma ukuthi ngabe ngempela yisisombululo osifunayo sokwethula imisebenzi yemfundo ejabulisayo nephumelelayo ekuphileni kwansuku zonke kwezingane ezineminyaka engu-2 kuya kwengu-10, kokubili ekhaya nasekilasini. Ake sembule izimfihlo zayo nezinzuzo kusukela ku-A kuya ku-Z!

Kuyini i-GCompris?

I-GCompris Kuyisethi ephelele yesofthiwe yezemfundo, eyakhiwe ngomqondo wokunikeza imisebenzi ejabulisayo neyokufundisa ehloselwe ikakhulukazi izingane ezineminyaka ephakathi kwemibili neyishumi. Kunokuba imidlalo nje, Ihlanganisa amamojula amaningi namathuluzi okuqinisa amakhono abalulekile abafundi., thola ukuzimela kwedijithali futhi ugcwalise noma yikuphi ukufunda esikoleni noma ekhaya, njalo ngokuzama okujabulisayo nokuqondile.

Lo msebenzi wazalwa ekuqaleni kwawo-2000 ngenxa yonjiniyela waseFrance uBruno Coudoin, owayecacile ukuthi imfundo yedijithali kufanele ibe mahhala futhi kufinyeleleka kalula kusuka kunoma iyiphi ipulatifomu. Ngakho-ke, i-GCompris ayiyona nje kuphela umthombo wamahhala novulekile (AGPL-3.0), kodwa ngokuhamba kwesikhathi iye yahlanganiswa ohlelweni lwesofthiwe yephrojekthi ye-GNU kanye nemvelo ye-KDE (www.kde.org), ngokusekelwa kanye neminikelo eqhubekayo yomphakathi wamazwe omhlaba wabathuthukisi, abadwebi bezithombe, kanye nama-ejenti ezemfundo.

Umlando, ifilosofi kanye nokuvela kwephrojekthi

Umlando we-GCompris uhlobene nokuthuthuka kwekhompyutha yezemfundo. Kusukela ekuqaleni kwayo, umgomo kwakuwukudala ithuluzi elizolinganisa inkundla yokudlala ekufinyeleleni izinsiza zemfundo zedijithali.ikakhulukazi ezinhlelweni ze-Linux, lapho kwakungekho khona izinhlelo zemfundo ezikhangayo. Ifilosofi yesofthiwe yamahhala ibilokhu ibalulekile, ivumela lokho Noma ubani angazivumelanisa nezimo, athuthukise, futhi abelane nge-GCompris ngokwezidingo zomphakathi wabo.

Ezigabeni zayo zokuqala, i-GCompris yadalwa ku-C naku-Python, kusetshenziswa indawo edumile yezithombe ze-GTK+. Kodwa-ke, kusukela ngo-2014, yabhalwa kabusha kakhulu kusetshenziswa i-C++ ne-QML kuhlaka lwe-Qt, olwenza i-interface yaba yesimanje futhi yathuthukisa ukusebenza ezinhlelweni zamanje. Njengoba izinsiza zobuchwepheshe zithuthuka, i-GCompris yanda yaya kwamanye amapulatifomu, njenge-Windows, i-macOS, ne-Android, iqinisekisa ukuthi wonke umuntu wayenokufinyelela kulolu hlobo lwemisebenzi yezemfundo.

Enye imininingwane ethakazelisayo imvelaphi yegama layo: 'I-GCompris' iphinyiselwa ngesiFulentshi ngokuthi 'J'ai compris', okusho ukuthi 'Ngikuqondile'Lokhu akulona iphutha, njengoba lokhu kuqonda kuyinjongo yemisebenzi yabo: ukusiza ukuqonda imiqondo namakhono abalulekile ngokusebenzisa ulwazi nokudlala.

Zingaki imisebenzi efakwa yi-GCompris futhi yimiphi leyo misebenzi?

I-GCompris akuyona nje uhlelo, iyiqoqo lemisebenzi engaphezu kwe-180 elungiselelwe amazinga nezidingo ezahlukahlukene kakhulu.Eminyakeni edlule, inani lemidlalo nezinsiza liye lakhula futhi lihlala lithuthukiswa ngenxa yomphakathi. Nakuba inani liyahlukahluka kuye ngenguqulo, okwamanje Kunemisebenzi engaphezu kwe-130 ekuhleleni okuzinzile kwendabuko kuze kube 182 imisebenzi Ezinguqulweni zakamuva kakhulu, zonke zihlelwe ngezigaba ezilula ukuziqonda:

• Ukutholwa kwekhompyutha: Imisebenzi yokufunda ukuphathwa okuyisisekelo kwekhibhodi, igundane kanye nesikrini sokuthinta, kusukela ku-'Ikhibhodi yabantwana' yakudala, kuya emidlalweni lapho kufanele uhambise khona igundane noma uthinte isikrini ukuze uhlanganyele kusukela ebuntwaneni.
• Okunengqondo: Ukuzivocavoca okufana nephazili, uMbhoshongo waseHanoi, ukuhlangana okunengqondo, ukushelela ngamabhulokhi, i-sudoku, imidlalo yengqondo efana ne-Super Brain kanye ne-Lights Out, okukhuthaza ikhono lokucabanga nokuxazulula izinkinga.
• Ubuciko obuhle: Iziphakamiso zokuhlonza imininingwane ezithombeni, ukuhlanganisa amaphazili, nokuhlola izikhumbuzo.
• Umculo: Funda ukudlala upiyano, ukuphinda izigqi ezilula noma eziyinkimbinkimbi, ukuhlonza amanothi omculo, ukuhlanganyela emidlalweni yokukhumbula umsindo (futhi ngokumelene ne-TUX, i-penguin edumile ye-Linux), kanye nokuhlola umhlaba ngomculo.
• Ukuhlolwa nesayensi: Kusukela ekulingiseni ukukhiya komsele kuya ekuqondeni ama-hydraulic, ukuhlolwa ngamabhalubhu okukhanya amabili, amandla adonsela phansi, umjikelezo wamanzi, ukuxuba imibala nezibani, izilwane zasepulazini noma zomhlaba, kuya ekufundeni ngamandla avuselelekayo, uhlelo lwelanga noma ukushayela umkhumbi-ngwenya.
• Umlando: Ukufunda ngomndeni, umlando kaLouis Braille, izinombolo zesiRoma, kanye nokuzivocavoca ngokulandelana kwezikhathi.
• IJografi: Amamephu asebenzisanayo ukuthola amazwe noma izifunda, ukusebenza namasiko ahlukene nokuthola ulwazi oluyisisekelo lwendawo.
• Ama-maze kanye ne-logic yendawo: Imidlalo ye-maze elula neyinkimbinkimbi (kufaka phakathi ama-maze angabonakali kanye nama-programming), izivivinyo zokulinganisela, ngisho nama-hexagon ukuthuthukisa amakhono okunyakaza kanye nokuqwashisa ngendawo.
• Izibalo kanye nezibalo: Imidlalo eminingi yokusebenza ekuhlonzeni izinombolo, ukubala, ukulandelana, ukuhlanganisa, ukususa, ukuphindaphinda, ukuhlukanisa kanye nemidlalo yememori enemisebenzi, kanye nemisebenzi enamadayisi, ama-domino kanye nekhibhodi.
• Izilinganiso: Ukuzivocavoca okusebenzayo ku imali, ushintsho, izikali, ikhalenda, amashejuli kanye nezinhlelo zokulinganisa zomhlaba wonke nezasebukhosini.
• Amaphazili: Hlanganisa amaphazili avela kumamodeli, dweba izithombe ezibonisiwe, wakhe kabusha ama-mosaic, ama-tangram, hlukanisa phakathi kwesandla sokunene nesobunxele, bonisa izithombe nokuningi.
• Izinhlamvu namagama: Ukufunda ukulandelana kwama-alfabhethi (oonobumba abakhulu nabancane), iprosesa kanye nekhibhodi yezingane, ukubhala, imidwebo yezinhlamvu, ukuhlanganiswa ne-Braille, imidlalo yokuthola izinhlamvu ezingekho kanye nokuzijwayeza ukufunda okuvundlile nokuqondile.
• Silulumagama: Imidlalo yokuhlanganisa, ukucebisa ulwazimagama, ukuqashelwa kwemibala kanye nezigaba eziyisisekelo, okuhlanganisa nokuzivocavoca kombala okuthuthukisiwe.
• Imidlalo yebhodi yakudala: Njengomdlalo we-tic-tac-toe, ukuxhumanisa i-four, i-chess, ama-checkers, umdlalo we-mill ngezindlela eziningi, kokubili ngokumelene nekhompyutha, ngokumelene ne-TUX noma ngokumelene nomngane.

Isigaba ngasinye sihlanganisa imisebenzi emazingeni ahlukahlukene kanye namazinga obunzima, eqondiswayo noma ezimele, ukuze izingane zikwazi ukuthuthuka ngejubane lazo. Futhi njalo zifaka phakathi izakhi zezithombe nezindlebe eziklanywe ngokucophelelaokusiza ekukhuthazeni nasekufundeni okunezinzwa eziningi.

Kumaphi amapulatifomu ingafakwa kuwo?

Enye yamandla amakhulu we I-GCompris iyahambisana nezinhlelo eziningi zokusebenzaIsicelo siyatholakala ku:

• I-Linux kanye ne-GNU/Linux (ezimweni eziningi ifakiwe ezindaweni zokugcina noma ingafakwa kalula; kutuswa ukwengeza iphakethe lolimi lamazwi esiSpanishi).
• Amafasitela, kusukela ezinguqulweni zendabuko kuya kwezisanda kwenziwa.
• i-macOS, ngezinguqulo eziqala kwezisanda kwenzeka.
• I-Android, lapho ingalandwa khona ngqo kusuka ku-Google Play (Umdlalo Wezemfundo we-GCompris ku-Google Play).
• I-Raspberry Pi, ilungele amaphrojekthi ezemfundo noma ama-computer kit ezingane.

Kuzo zonke lezi zinhlelo, Ukufinyelela kumahhala ngokuphelele Kusukela ngoFebhuwari 2020. Ngaphambilini, kwamanye amapulatifomu afana neWindows noma i-macOS, inguqulo ephelele yayitholakala ngemali encane kuphela, kodwa manje wonke amamojula nemidlalo avuliwe kunoma yimuphi umsebenzisi, kungaba ekhaya noma esikoleni. Ungayilanda futhi ubuke zonke izinhlobo kusukela ku- iwebhusayithi esemthethweni ye-GCompris.

Ukuhumusha, ukufinyeleleka kanye nokuhlanganiswa kwezemfundo

I-GCompris ayigqami nje kuphela ngobuningi kanye nekhwalithi yemisebenzi yayo, kodwa futhi nokuzibophezela kwayo ku- ukufinyeleleka kanye nokwehlukahlukana kwezilimiLolu hlelo luhunyushwe ngokuphelele ngezilimi ezingu-24, okuhlanganisa iSpanishi, isiCatalan, isiBasque, isiNgisi, isiFulentshi, isiGalician, isiNtaliyane, nezinye eziningi. Ezinye izilimi ziyahunyushwa okwamanje noma zihlanganiswe kancane, okwenza kube lula ngezikole ezikhuluma izilimi ezimbili noma izikole ezinezizinda ezahlukene zezilimi ukuthi zizuze kakhulu kukho.

El Umklamo wesithombe nomsindo wesixhumi esibonakalayo ufanelana nezingane zawo wonke amakhono.I-GCompris iyahambisana nezinhlelo zokufaka ezihlukile (izikrini zokuthinta, amaphilisi), inikeza osayizi abakhulu befonti namamenyu abonakala kakhulu, futhi isebenza ngisho ne-Braille. Konke lokhu kwenza kube inketho efanelekile kokubili ezindaweni zasekhaya kanye namaphrojekthi emfundo ehlanganisa bonke, futhi ingenziwa ngokwezifiso ukuze ihlangabezane nezidingo ezithile.

Futhi uma lokho bekunganele, Ikhodi yomthombo ingumthombo ovulekile.Ngakho-ke, othisha, abazali, noma amaqembu esikole angashintsha, engeze, noma alungise imisebenzi ngokwemisebenzi yawo futhi abelane ngayo nomphakathi, ngokuvumelana nefilosofi I-GNU.

Isakhiwo sohlelo sinjani futhi sinjani isikhombikubona salo?

Inhlangano ye-GCompris izibophezele ku ubulula nokucacaNgemva kokufakwa, into yokuqala ebonakala isikhombikubona esinemibala futhi esisebenziseka kalula, lapho kuvezwa khona okulandelayo: amaqembu emisebenzi amelwe yizithonjana ezibonakala ngokucacileUkuhambisa ikhesa phezu noma ukuchofoza isithonjana ngasinye kubonisa incazelo emfushane yomsebenzi ukuze izingane (noma abantu abadala!) zazi ukuthi umayelana nani ngaphambi kokuqala.

Ngaphansi, ibha yokulawula ivumela zulazula kalula Phakathi kwemidlalo, abasebenzisi bangalungisa umsindo noma bashintshe ulimi. Imisebenzi ingavula amafasitela amasha noma amamenyu amancane, njalo ngesitayela esifanayo sokubuka, ibeka phambili ukuzimela komsebenzisi kanye nokuhlola. Ngaphezu kwalokho, imidlalo eminingi ifaka izinsiza ezincane ezibonakalayo, amacebo, namamenyu olwazi athuthukisa ukufinyeleleka futhi avimbele ukukhungatheka kokufunda.

Izinzuzo zokusebenzisa i-GCompris kwezemfundo

Kunezizathu eziningi zokuthi kungani I-GCompris iwine izinhliziyo zemindeni, othisha, kanye nomphakathi wezemfundo jikelele.:

• Ivumela funda ngenkathi udlalaukwenza kube lula ukukhumbula imiqondo ebalulekile yezibalo, ulimi, isayensi, umculo kanye nobuciko.
• Uthanda i- ukuthuthukiswa kwamakhono ayisisekelo edijithali Kusukela ebuntwaneni, ukukhuthaza ukuzimela kanye nokuzethemba ekuphatheni amakhompyutha, amathebhulethi, namanye amadivayisi.
• Izinhlobonhlobo ezinkulu zemidlalo kanye nokuhlukaniswa ngezigaba kuvumela vumelanisa ukusetshenziswa kohlelo nesivinini kanye nokunambitheka kwengane ngayinye, ehlanganisa izidingo zokuqinisa noma zokwandisa ikharikhulamu.
• Njengoba isofthiwe yamahhala futhi isebenzisa amapulatifomu ahlukahlukene, Ingasetshenziswa mahhala kunoma yisiphi isikhungo somndeni noma semfundo., ngaphandle kokukhathazeka ngamalayisense noma izimali ezifihliwe.
• Kunikela Izinto zokufunda ezihlanganisa konke, ezibandakanya wonke umuntu, nezikhuthazayoukwenza kube lula ukwenza ngokwezifiso nokuhlanganisa izingane ezinamakhono ahlukene.

Ukubamba iqhaza komphakathi kanye nekusasa lephrojekthi

Kusukela yasungulwa, i-GCompris ikhule ngenxa yokusekelwa kwezisebenzi zokuzithandela ezingenakubalwa ezivela emhlabeni wonke. Akuzona nje kuphela abathuthukisi, kodwa nabahumushi, othisha, abaklami bezithombe, kanye nemindeni banikele ngemisebenzi emisha, ukulungiswa, kanye nezinto zokwakha. Le phrojekthi inomphakathi osebenzayo ohlinzeka ngosekelo lobuchwepheshe, amaforamu, ukulandelela amaphutha, kanye nomzamo oqhubekayo wokuthuthukisa isofthiwe.

Izinguqulo ezindala, ezakhiwe ku-GTK+, zisatholakala kodwa azisatholi izici ezintsha (ukulungiswa kuphela). Intuthuko enkulu manje isegatsheni le-Qt, ngokuhambisana nentuthuko yakamuva yezobuchwepheshe. Uhlu lwemisebenzi kanye nekhwalithi yesithombe kuyaqhubeka nokukhula, futhi imephu yendlela ibeka phambili ukwengeza imidlalo emisha, ukwandisa ukuhambisana namapulatifomu amaningi, kanye nokuthuthukisa ulwazi lomsebenzisi njalo.

Ukuqala: ukulanda, ukufaka kanye nezinyathelo zokuqala

Ukufinyelela ku- I-GCompris ilula kakhuluMane nje uye ku- iwebhusayithi esemthethweni ye-GCompris lapho uzothola khona Isixhumanisi sokulanda ngqo ngokuya ngesistimu yakho yokusebenzaKu-Linux, cishe njalo kungenzeka ukuyifaka kusuka esitolo sezinhlelo zokusebenza noma ezindaweni zokugcina ezisemthethweni. Ku-Windows naku-macOS, udinga nje ukulanda isifaki bese ulandela imiyalelo evamile. Ku-Android, iyatholakala ku-Google Play nakwezinye izitolo zezinhlelo zokusebenza.

Uma usufakiwe, ungasetha amaphrofayili abasebenzisi ahlukene, ukhethe ulimi, bese ukhetha imisebenzi efanele ubudala noma izinga lekhono lengane ngayinye. Imiyalelo engaphakathi komdlalo ngamunye icacile futhi iyabonakala, ngakho-ke usizo oluqhubekayo lwabantu abadala aludingeki.

Amacala okusetshenziswa: ekhaya nasekilasini

Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi kusemkhayeni noma esikoleni, i-GCompris Inezinsiza ezilungiselelwe wonke umuntu.:

• Ekhaya: Ivumela abafundi ukuthi bazijwayeze, babukeze, futhi bahlanganise konke abakufundile esikoleni, kuyilapho futhi kukhuthaza ukuzimela, ilukuluku, kanye nokusetshenziswa kahle kwekhompyutha yokuzijabulisa. Ingasetshenziswa futhi ukwethula izingane ezincane ekufundeni, ekubhaleni, ekubaleni, kanye namakhono ayisisekelo ekhompyutha.
• Esikoleni: Iyithuluzi elifanele ukusetshenziswa kumabhodi amhlophe asebenzisanayo, kumalebhu ekhompyutha, kuma-workshop okusekela nokuqinisa, noma njengomthombo owengeziwe wabafundi abanezidingo ezikhethekile zemfundo. Othisha bangakhetha imidlalo ethile, baphakamise izinselelo, futhi bahlole izinketho zokwenza ngokwezifiso.

Ayikho enye indlela yesofthiwe yemfundo enikeza ububanzi, ikhwalithi, kanye nomphakathi osebenzayo njenge-GCompris ukusekela ukufunda kwezingane ezindaweni ezahlukene.